This book provides practical knowledge and technical guidance on sustainable agroforestry cultivation for the northern midland and mountainous regions of Vietnam. The publication focuses on sloping land management, soil and water conservation, mulching, minimum tillage, crop rotation, and crop diversification to reduce erosion and improve rural livelihoods. It explains the principles of agroforestry systems and highlights the important role of perennial trees in improving soil fertility, conserving biodiversity, and supporting climate change adaptation. In addition to theoretical foundations, the book introduces several practical agroforestry models such as acacia–mango–maize systems, macadamia–coffee–soybean systems, and Shan tea integrated with livestock production. The publication serves as a training and reference resource for farmers, extension workers, and local authorities seeking to promote sustainable agricultural production and resilient land-use systems in Vietnam’s mountainous areas.