Modern agriculture is increasingly threatened by the loss of biodiversity due to intensive farming, urbanization, and the excessive use of agrochemicals. By analyzing agricultural landscapes across Vietnam’s ecological regions and sub-ecosystems—including rice fields, irrigation canals, home gardens, and forest patches—this document presents a practical methodology for balancing agricultural productivity with habitat conservation. A key feature is the Habitat Action Plan (HAP), a community-led approach that enables local people to identify, prioritize, and manage indicator species that support both biodiversity and rural livelihoods. The guide provides ecosystem-based management strategies that reduce climate-related risks while optimizing the sustainable use of natural resources on agricultural land.