This document highlights the critical water challenges and climate change risks faced by smallholder farmers in rural Cambodia. With a significant portion of the population relying on agriculture, extreme seasonal fluctuations marked by severe dry-season water shortages and intense rainy-season flash floods hinder year-round crop production and exacerbate farmer debt. CFAP-Cambodia calls for urgent policy interventions, modernized irrigation infrastructure, and targeted capacity-building programs in rainwater harvesting. It emphasizes the readiness of farmers' organizations to collaborate with government and international stakeholders to integrate sustainable water management into national climate strategies.