AFLI project aims to increase the productivity of smallholder farming systems in northwest Viet Nam, while also conserving the natural resource base. The project introduces trees in mono-cropped landscapes through agroforestry to reduce dependence on annual crops, as well as increase and diversify incomes from tree products. A variety of agroforestry options ensure short- and long-term benefits for farmers, while trees provide ecosystem services, such as prevention of soil erosion. Several tree species are currently being tested in agroforestry systems to evaluate their suitability under different agro-ecological conditions across Dien Bien, Yen Bai, and Son La provinces, in northwest Viet Nam.