While economic growth and food security in Vietnam’s Red River Delta are heavily reliant on
agriculture, the intensive use of agricultural land has resulted in various negative impacts on the
environment, such as soil degradation, water pollution, biodiversity loss, and health effects on
humans and animals. The current situation emphasizes an increased need for sustainable agri
culture practices in the region. Understanding farmers’ decision-making processes and identifying
factors that influence their choices is crucial in order to promote their adoption of sustainable
agriculture practices. This study examines the impact of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived
behavioral control, age, and gender on farmers’ intention to adopt sustainable agriculture prac
tices using the Theory of Planned Behavior and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation
Modeling. The results show that attitude towards sustainable agriculture practices showed a path
coefficient of 0.310 (p < 0.001), and perceived behavioral control had a coefficient of 0.305 (p
0.05). Age was found to have a moderating effect; older farmers are less likely to adopt sus
tainable agriculture practices compared to their younger counterparts. Gender, however, did not
present a significant influence. In light of these findings, policymakers face a challenge in creating
incentives to encourage farmers’ engagement in sustainable agriculture practices in the Red River
Delta and at the same time discourage youth out-migration from the agricultural sector more
generally. Overall, this study enriches our theoretical understanding of the factors influencing
sustainable agriculture adoption in developing countries and offers practical insights for policy
makers and agricultural stakeholders in the Red River Delta to promote more effective and tar
geted sustainable agriculture practices.
